解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::The ability to flexibly navigate an environment relies on a hippocampal-dependent cognitive map. External space can be internally mapped at different spatial resolutions. However, whether hippocampal spatial coding resolution can rapidly adapt to local features of an environment remains unclear. To explore this possib...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.44487
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Humans and animals construct internal models of their environment in order to select appropriate courses of action. The representation of uncertainty about the current state of the environment is a key feature of these models that controls the rate of learning as well as directly affecting choice behaviour. To maintai...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.39404
更新日期:2019-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::The germ line provides the cellular link between generations of multicellular organisms, its cells entering the meiotic cell cycle only once each generation. However, the mechanisms governing this initiation of meiosis remain poorly understood. Here, we examined cells undergoing meiotic initiation in mice, and we foun...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.43738
更新日期:2019-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::How living systems break symmetry in an organized manner is a fundamental question in biology. In wild-type Caenorhabditis elegans zygotes, symmetry breaking during anterior-posterior axis specification is guided by centrosomes, resulting in anterior-directed cortical flows and a single posterior PAR-2 domain. We unco...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.44552
更新日期:2019-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::Engaging with vocal sounds is critical for children's social-emotional learning, and children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often 'tune out' voices in their environment. Little is known regarding the neurobiological basis of voice processing and its link to social impairments in ASD. Here, we perform the first c...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.39906
更新日期:2019-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondria play important roles in cellular processes and disease, yet little is known about how the transcriptional regime of the mitochondrial genome varies across individuals and tissues. By analyzing >11,000 RNA-sequencing libraries across 36 tissue/cell types, we find considerable variation in mitochondrial-enc...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.41927
更新日期:2019-02-18 00:00:00
abstract::Many marine animals, ranging from corals to fishes, synchronise reproduction to lunar cycles. In the annelid Platynereis dumerilii, this timing is orchestrated by an endogenous monthly (circalunar) clock entrained by moonlight. Whereas daily (circadian) clocks cause extensive transcriptomic and proteomic changes, the ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.41556
更新日期:2019-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Eukaryotic kinetochores connect spindlemicrotubules to chromosomal centromeres. A group of proteins called the Ctf19 complex (Ctf19c) in yeast and the constitutive centromere associated network (CCAN) in other organisms creates the foundation of a kinetochore. The Ctf19c/CCAN influences the timing of kinetochore assem...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.44239
更新日期:2019-02-14 00:00:00
abstract::The enteric nervous system controls a variety of gastrointestinal functions including intestinal motility. The minimal neuronal circuit necessary to direct peristalsis is well-characterized but several intestinal regions display also other motility patterns for which the underlying circuits and connectivity schemes th...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.42914
更新日期:2019-02-12 00:00:00
abstract::Layer (L) 2/3 pyramidal neurons in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) are sparsely active, spontaneously and during sensory stimulation. Long-range inputs from higher areas may gate L2/3 activity. We investigated their in vivo impact by expressing channelrhodopsin in three main sources of feedback to rat S1: primar...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.44158
更新日期:2019-02-11 00:00:00
abstract::The restoration of homeostasis after tissue damage relies on proper spatial-temporal control of damage-induced apoptosis and compensatory proliferation. In Drosophila imaginal discs these processes are coordinated by the stress response pathway JNK. We demonstrate that JNK signaling induces a dose-dependent extension ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.41036
更新日期:2019-02-08 00:00:00
abstract::Developing neurons of the peripheral nervous system reach their targets via cues that support directional growth, a process known as axon guidance. In investigating how sympathetic axons reach the heart in mice, we discovered that a combination of guidance cues are employed in sequence to refine axon outgrowth, a proc...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.42528
更新日期:2019-02-08 00:00:00
abstract::Modern neuroscience research often requires the coordination of multiple processes such as stimulus generation, real-time experimental control, as well as behavioral and neural measurements. The technical demands required to simultaneously manage these processes with high temporal fidelity is a barrier that limits the...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.40231
更新日期:2019-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::IQ scores are correlated with the morphology and activity of certain neurons in the human temporal cortex. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.44560
更新日期:2019-02-05 00:00:00
abstract::The integration of direct bottom-up inputs with contextual information is a core feature of neocortical circuits. In area V1, neurons may reduce their firing rates when their receptive field input can be predicted by spatial context. Gamma-synchronized (30-80 Hz) firing may provide a complementary signal to rates, ref...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.42101
更新日期:2019-02-04 00:00:00
abstract::Spatial and temporal cues are required to specify neuronal diversity, but how these cues are integrated in neural progenitors remains unknown. Drosophila progenitors (neuroblasts) are a good model: they are individually identifiable with relevant spatial and temporal transcription factors known. Here we test whether s...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.44036
更新日期:2019-01-29 00:00:00
abstract::We analyzed 2898 scientific papers published between 1995 and 2017 in which two or more authors shared the first author position. For papers in which the first and second authors made equal contributions, mixed-gender combinations were most frequent, followed by male-male and then female-female author combinations. Fo...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.36399
更新日期:2019-01-29 00:00:00
abstract::Cell lineages provide the framework for understanding how cell fates are decided during development. Describing cell lineages in most organisms is challenging; even a fruit fly larva has ~50,000 cells and a small mammal has >1 billion cells. Recently, the idea of applying CRISPR to induce mutations during development,...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.40292
更新日期:2019-01-28 00:00:00
abstract::Intergroup conflict contributes to human discrimination and violence, but persists because individuals make costly contributions to their group's fighting capacity. Yet, how group members effectively coordinate their contributions during intergroup conflict remains poorly understood. Here, we examine the role of oxyto...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.40698
更新日期:2019-01-25 00:00:00
abstract::CRISPR-based homing gene drives have sparked both enthusiasm and deep concerns due to their potential for genetically altering entire species. This raises the question about our ability to prevent the unintended spread of such drives from the laboratory into a natural population. Here, we experimentally demonstrate th...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.41439
更新日期:2019-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::Generating recombinant monoclonal antibodies (R-mAbs) from mAb-producing hybridomas offers numerous advantages that increase the effectiveness, reproducibility, and transparent reporting of research. We report here the generation of a novel resource in the form of a library of recombinant R-mAbs validated for neurosci...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.43322
更新日期:2019-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::Neurotransmitter release requires formation of trans-SNARE complexes between the synaptic vesicle and plasma membranes, which likely underlies synaptic vesicle priming to a release-ready state. It is unknown whether Munc18-1, Munc13-1, complexin-1 and synaptotagmin-1 are important for priming because they mediate tran...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.38880
更新日期:2019-01-18 00:00:00
abstract::Comprehensively elucidating the molecular mechanisms of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) latency is a priority to achieve a functional cure. As current 'shock' agents failed to efficiently reactivate the latent reservoir, it is important to discover new targets for developing more efficient latency-reversin...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.42426
更新日期:2019-01-17 00:00:00
abstract::Processing bodies (PBs) are cytoplasmic mRNP granules that assemble via liquid-liquid phase separation and are implicated in the decay or storage of mRNAs. How PB assembly is regulated in cells remains unclear. Previously, we identified the ATPase activity of the DEAD-box protein Dhh1 as a key regulator of PB dynamics...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.41415
更新日期:2019-01-16 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue mechanics is important for development; however, the spatio-temporal dynamics of in vivo tissue stiffness is still poorly understood. We here developed tiv-AFM, combining time-lapse in vivo atomic force microscopy with upright fluorescence imaging of embryonic tissue, to show that during development local tissu...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.39356
更新日期:2019-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Direct reprogramming of fibroblasts to neurons induces widespread cellular and transcriptional reconfiguration. Here, we characterized global epigenomic changes during the direct reprogramming of mouse fibroblasts to neurons using whole-genome base-resolution DNA methylation (mC) sequencing. We found that the pioneer ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.40197
更新日期:2019-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the relationships between different properties of data, such as whether a genome or connectome has information about disease status, is increasingly important. While existing approaches can test whether two properties are related, they may require unfeasibly large sample sizes and often are not interpret...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.41690
更新日期:2019-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to act as important cell biological regulators including cell fate decisions but are often ignored in human genetics. Combining differential lncRNA expression during neuronal lineage induction with copy number variation morbidity maps of a cohort of children with autism sp...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.41770
更新日期:2019-01-10 00:00:00
abstract::Optical imaging has become a powerful tool for studying brains in vivo. The opacity of adult brains makes microendoscopy, with an optical probe such as a gradient index (GRIN) lens embedded into brain tissue to provide optical relay, the method of choice for imaging neurons and neural activity in deeply buried brain s...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.40805
更新日期:2019-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::Genome sequence data from a range of animal species are raising questions about the origins of glutamate receptors. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.43815
更新日期:2018-12-28 00:00:00
abstract::The progenitor cells of the developing liver can differentiate toward both hepatocyte and biliary cell fates. In addition to the established roles of TGFβ and Notch signaling in this fate specification process, there is increasing evidence that liver progenitors are sensitive to mechanical cues. Here, we utilized micr...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.38536
更新日期:2018-12-27 00:00:00
abstract::Sleep affects brain activity globally, but many cortical sleep waves are spatially confined. Local rhythms serve cortical area-specific sleep needs and functions; however, mechanisms controlling locality are unclear. We identify the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) as a source for local, sensory-cortex-specific non-ra...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.39111
更新日期:2018-12-25 00:00:00
abstract::Transparent reporting is essential for the critical evaluation of studies. However, the reporting of statistical methods for studies in the biomedical sciences is often limited. This systematic review examines the quality of reporting for two statistical tests, t-tests and ANOVA, for papers published in a selection of...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.36163
更新日期:2018-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::The piriform cortex (PCx) receives direct input from the olfactory bulb (OB) and is the brain's main station for odor recognition and memory. The transformation of the odor code from OB to PCx is profound: mitral and tufted cells in olfactory glomeruli respond to individual odorant molecules, whereas pyramidal neurons...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.38446
更新日期:2018-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::The loss of previously adaptive traits is typically linked to relaxation in selection, yet the molecular steps leading to such repeated losses are rarely known. Molecular studies of loss have tended to focus on gene sequences alone, but overlooking other aspects of protein expression might underestimate phenotypic div...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.37412
更新日期:2018-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Motile ciliopathies are characterized by specific defects in cilia beating that result in chronic airway disease, subfertility, ectopic pregnancy, and hydrocephalus. While many patients harbor mutations in the dynein motors that drive cilia beating, the disease also results from mutations in so-called dynein axonemal ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.38497
更新日期:2018-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Dopamine (D2) receptors provide autoinhibitory feedback onto dopamine neurons through well-known interactions with voltage-gated calcium channels and G protein-coupled inwardly-rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels. Here, we reveal a third major effector involved in D2R modulation of dopaminergic neurons - the sodium l...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.40984
更新日期:2018-12-17 00:00:00
abstract::Accurate chromosome segregation relies on bioriented amphitelic attachments of chromosomes to microtubules of the mitotic spindle, in which sister chromatids are connected to opposite spindle poles. BUB-1 is a protein of the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint (SAC) that coordinates chromosome attachment with anaphase onset. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.40690
更新日期:2018-12-14 00:00:00
abstract::Mammalian HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR), the rate-limiting enzyme of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway and the therapeutic target of statins, is post-transcriptionally regulated by sterol-accelerated degradation. Under cholesterol-replete conditions, HMGCR is ubiquitinated and degraded, but the identity of the E3 ubiqu...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.40009
更新日期:2018-12-13 00:00:00
abstract::Signaling by the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) plays fundamental role in a vast number of essential physiological functions. Precise control of GPCR signaling requires action of regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins that deactivate heterotrimeric G proteins. RGS proteins are elaborately regulated and ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.42150
更新日期:2018-12-12 00:00:00